“A Bird’s Eye View from Within – As We See It” report (1965)
Faced with the unresponsive and all-white Boston School Committee’s stance towards de facto segregation in Boston schools, concerned parents and activists founded “Operation Exodus” in 1965 as a voluntary way to desegregate Boston public schools. In its first year, 400 African American students from Roxbury and Dorchester were bused to the predominantly white, but under enrolled, Faneuil School in Back Bay. In 1966, Operation Exodus was renamed the Metropolitan Council for Educational Opportunity (METCO). This document provides an overview of the mission of Operation Exodus. From the Freedom House records.
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"A Bird's-Eye View from Within - As We See It"
"A Bird's-Eye View from Within - As We See It"
"A Bird's-Eye View from Within - As We See It"
"A Bird's-Eye View from Within - As We See It"
Operation Exodus, Inc.
Operation Exodus, Inc.
1965
1965
African American community
Education reform
African American activists
African American community
Education reform
African American activists
http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20245504
http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20245504
African American community
Education reform
African American activists
"A Bird's-Eye View from Within - As We See It"
"A Bird's-Eye View from Within - As We See It"
birdseye view from within as we see it
1965/01/01
"A Bird's-Eye View from Within - As We See It"
1965
African American community
Operation Exodus, Inc.
Operation Exodus, Inc.
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I " I _) (t 9 1 I I tr~ ~ r·~-· . I I ) /" ' " \fit~!), 'F;c~r~:,) \,/i t~, i'n A ~ ~ I • • •• f1 ......... /, / ' ( \ " ·~. ,\ , :· ·,) ~,._,,:;' �PREFACE For the past three ye2rs Exodus with pnrents ~ nd h~s b0en working students in the Roxbury-North Dorchester community to assist in the development of parent interest and effectiveness in improving the conditions in our community. It is not news that our efforts have been severely hampered by a lack of funds. Our parent run organization has pnid community people pitiful salaries for full-time and overtime labor. It has been our experience over the years to face the fact that unfortunately some of the programs th~t really signify community involvement, planning, and implementation are much too often overlooked ns being truly representative of the kinds of things that people talk about funding, but never do. Instead, too often much of the money that comes into the community goes into the administration of programs run by and geared from the misconceptions and ideas of people on the outside looking in~ the results of these pro- grams is almost total waste. In a community that is aware of and capnblo of planning for solutions to its needs, this a frustr~ting waste, one, we hope to see soon come to '1n end. On the next few pages we will attempt to shnre with you our reflections from within---as we see it. �Our main emphasis is still, of course, busing. The basic commitment that we made to the parents in our community is a binding one, one which we will kee~ a~ long as they feel it is necessary. Directly attached to the busing is our tutorial program, which involves over 350 Exodus and non-Exodus students that are being tutored on a one-to-one basis by college students from the greater Boston area. Hand-holding with this are several;things; Services in the line of: Referral for child guidance Legal Aid Health Welfare Etc. A testing group of psychologists, psychiatrists and students of same, that voluntarily avail themselves to testing students. Investigation Department, (school or community investigationsJ this Exodus team helps to bridge the gap and inadequacies of the Home and School Association, and communications in general between parents and the schools, particularly in instances where the child has a problem or trouble. �RESEARCH: The Exodus research project is funded by the Office of Education in Washington and run jointly by Exodus and Dr. James Teele at the Harvard School of Public Health. The purpose of this research is to document the impact of the Exodus busing program on the participating parents and children. THE EXODUS CULTURAL ENRIC~ffiNT PROGRAM: Involve$ over 300 children taking them on a series of trips to plays, gospel concerts, museums etc. THE EXODUS YOUTH PROGRAM: run by Exodus fathers, focuses on recreation for boys and girls between the ages of 10 and 18. They are dealing with about 360 youngsters. This is a year-round program with basketball, softball, football, and volleyball leagues. They would enroll more children, but funds are a problem and they can't handle any more on their present budget •. THE EDUCATIONAL CO~'IPLEX: We are currently in- volved in raising the necessary funds to ronov~te the two buildings we recently purcha&ed at 376 and 378 Blue Hill Avenue, 378 is the building which we are now housed. Our goal is to develop an educational complex that will provide a meeting ground for all kinds of community people, and profession~ls from outside the community. of whom would have the common goal of education in Roxbury. o~ All improving the quality �THE - GROVE HALL COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION: -- founded by Exodus involves individuals and agencies primarily from the Blue Hill Avenue area, but also from other parts of the Negro Community. The job of this group is to pull to- gether the various kinds of resources in the community nnd to channel some of our energy into economic ventures that will support the social service agencies currently active in the area. RESTRUCTURE: In keeping with the broadening horizons of the Exodus program we have recently undergone a complete restructuring of our governing body. We have added new life along with new programs through expansion of our board of directors nnd steering committee and our bylaws have already gone into effect. This means that we h. .Ve evon greater represen3 tation, a really broad cross-section of professional and non-professional community people ~ctively participating on the policy-making level. These people will provide the leadership and expertise for our parent movement, lending their support toward the broad approach to education~l and social change that is definitely coming into being. ____ __ - .....;...;....-...., COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND ORGANIZATION GROUP: this· will also load Exodus into its program of community develo~ ment and organization along the lines of educational improvement and design the programs that will focus the attention -3- �on problems in the schools within our community, since we know, now that busing does not provide realistic long-range solutions to our problems. CO~WIDNITY PARTICIPATION PROGRAMS: This new emphasis focuses on a need for greater community participation along with these changes we've made, the launching of bi-annual meetings and the initiation of a group of community participation oriented programs, represents part of our plans for the future .. The recent turbulence in the Grove Hall-Blue Hill Avenue section of our community and the up-risings in major cities across the nation points up the need for drastic and immediate change of the existing conditions under which we are now living. OUR POSITION as a community run grass-roots organization Qllowed us to serve a particularly central role during the days of the uprising in our community by acting as a central headquarters, out of which p~trols of community people were disp8tched to observe police tactics and to locate areas of severe conflict to deter police brutality. We served as headquarters for the press, ~s a part-time medical center and as a communications center for community police dialogue. This put us and organizations such as New England Grass Roots Organizations (N.E.,G.R.O.} Boston CORE, New, England Development Corp, American Friends Service Committee~ Blue Hill Christian Centre, Boston N.A.A.C.P. and the Mass. -4- �Council of Churches in the position of assessing the events of July 2- t~rough 5th. The police brutality that we witnessed was very well expressed by a Bay State Banner headline: Riot in Grove Hall". "Police We did then e..nd do now condemn the police action during those four nights. Action which strongly pointed out deep-rooted racist feelings they showed in dealing with the black community •. However, the roots of tho problem lie much deeper than those nights of violence indicate. It lies within the sickness of a predominately white society which refuses to recognize the basic humanity of non-white persons. We at Exodus do not, however condemn or place the blame on the fact of all, or even most white in this system of racial discrimination. and some of our technical Large sums of our program funds ~nd professional expertise come from individuals and organizations in the white community~ These people share with us a concern for the plight of black Americans which is only a portion of their concern for the entire American political and economic system. They as do we, feel that unless America's Negro community is assisted in its independant development and is allowed to grow and prosper without encumberence from without. Americans as a whole will continue to have difficulty in dealing with non-whites in other parts of the world. What exactly are some of the problems as we see them? -5- �Well you can start with things like: ]. Negro owned grocery stores unable to get bank loans, while mammoth supermarkets and chain store$ spring up in the community with lower pri•es and greater selectivity of products. 2. The humiliation our people crre faeed with when job bunting, children humiliated by a schooJJ. system which does not know how to educate them and often make them feel like dirt. 3. Welfare workers who humiliate and degrade. 4. Dirty streets 5. Houses that are falling down due to the lack of city services 6. Lack of basic orientation nnd training for police, in order for them to work in urban ghetto communities. At the top of the list you will find the Urbnn Renewal Program, the Anti-Poverty Program, qnd the New Model Cities Program, all which seem to contrilute to the frustration and discontent which exploded in our c::nnmunity June 2-5. They, Rlong with lesser officials sueh as the Welfare Department and members of the school committee have, through their refusals to al]ow the growth of cammunity development through grass-roots community control set conditions that made the uprising n predictable o•rurence. Their programs have more often, worked to divide nnd split the community, than unite it; their manipulations·, -6- �controlled largely, we feel by city administrations, have inhibited and effective n~t promoted the growth of responsible and leadership~ THE TENSION THESE THINGS HAVE CAUSED WILL NOT BE EASED UNTIL PEOPLE FEEL THE COMMUNITY BELONGS TO US, THAT THE ECONOMIC POLITICAL 1ND SOCD\L POWER WE SEE AND LIVE WITH IS WITHIN OUR GRASP. Negro leadership is moving toward this and the people that took to the street were demanding that these things happen. History shows us that the founders of our country demanded it, other ethnic groups demanded it and it is being put into a framework that is completely within the context of American political power. Was it separatism thon? should it be now, when black people same thing? ~re Why ro2ching for the The day is coming, whon we will not be ostracized, demoralized, chastised and de-humanized for wanting the same freedoms that are here for We ~re others~ helping to bring this day closer and hope to continue to be involved in the neces&ary planning that will bring it about. tho end �
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